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TexteMansfield
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&riLiukkonen
[1]NewZealand’smostfamousascloselyassociatedwithD.H.LawrenethingofarivaliniaWoolf.Mansfield’screativeyearswereburdehloneliness，illness，jealousy，alienation-allthisrefleherworkwiththebitterdepiaritalandfamilyrelationshipsofhermiddle-classcharacters.Hershortstoriesarealsoheiruseofstreamofess.LiketheRussiaonarivialeventsandsubtlehumanbehavior.
[2]“Henrywasagreatfellowforbooks.HedidnotreadmanynordidhepossessabovehalfadozeallinthegCrossRluanyoddtimeinLoyasonnoddingtermswasamazing.Byhiseathandlingofthemandbyhisnicechoiceofphrasewhendisgthemwithoherbookselleryouwouldhavethoughtthathehadtakenhispaproppedbeforehisnurse’sbosoButyouwouldhavebeenwrong.”
（fromSomethingChildishButVeryNatural）
[3]KatherineMansfieldwasboron，NewZealand，intoamiddle-ily.Herfather，HaroldBeauchamp，wasabankeraher，AnnieBurnellDyer，wasofgenteelins.ShelivedforsixyearsintheruralvillageofKarori.LateronMansfieldsaid，“IimagineIritiwas，too.Butbetterfarwritetwaddle，anything，thannothingatall.”
Attheageofnineshehadherfirststorypublished.EntitledEappearedinTheHighSchoolReporterion，withtheeditor’sent，thatit“showspromiseofgreatmerit”
.
[4]Asafirststeptoherrebellionagainstherbad，shewithdrewtoLondonin1903aQueen’sCollege，whereshejoiaffoftheagazine.BaewZealandin1906，shethentookupmusidhadaffairswithbothmeherdeheopportunitytobeeaprofessionalcelloplayer—shelishedviolo.IudiedtypingaWellingtonTeicalCfriendIdaBaker（L.M.，LeslieMooreinherdiaryanddence）persuadedMahertoallowKatherioEngland，withanallowanceof￡100ayear.Thereshedevotedherselft.MaedNewZealandagain.
[5]Afteranunhappymarriagein19eBrown，whomsheleftafewdaysafterthewedding，MaouredforawhileasaraihemarriageshehadanaffairwithGarrowell，amusidbeant.InBavaria，whereMasometime，shesufferedamiscarriage.DuriayinGermaesatiricalsketancharacters，whichwerepublishedin1911uleInaGermanPensioorieshadappearedinTheNewAge.OoLondon，MansfieldbecameillwithaedsexuallytransmitteddiseaseshetraFloryanSobieniowski;awhitributedtoherweakhealthfortherestofherlife.Sobienioolishémigrétranslator，whomshemetinGermastorypublishedinEnglandwasTheChild-Who-Was-Tired，aboutaoverworkednursemaidwhokillsababy-ithasbeeyofChekhov’sstorySpatKhochetsia（1888，Sleepyhead）.
[6]Maeieswithoutmuthusiasm:“Prettyroomsaypeople，prettydcigarettesoutofasilvertankard...Iwaswretched.”
Aloken，shewasoofanomnibusafterotherwomahewomahatallsuffragettesoughttobetrampledtodeathbyhorses.IJohonMurry，aSodformerliterarycritic，whowasfirstatehenherlover.Maedandtributedtoaseriesofjournals.Until1914shepublishedstoriesinRhythmandTheBlueReview.DuringthewarshetravelledrestlesslybetweenEnglandandFranherbrother“Chummie”
diedinWorldWarI，MansfieldfonNewZealandandherfamily.Prelude（1916），ofamousstories，waswrittendurierdivherfirsthusbandin1918，MansfieldmarriedMurry.Inthesameyearshewasfouuberculosis.
[7]MansfiedandMurrywerecloselyassociatedwithD.H.LawrendhiswifeFrieda.UpthatMurryhadanaffairwiththePrincessBibeséeAsquith），MaednottotheaffairbuttoherletterstoMurry:“Iamafraidyoumuststtheseloveletterstomyhusbandwhileheaher.Itisohingswhiotdoneinourworld.”
（fromalettertoPrincessBibesco，1921）
[8]Mansfieddidherbestworkintheearly1920s，thepeakofheratbeingtheGardenParty（1922），whichshewrthefinalstagesofherillyearsMainsouthernFranSwitzerland，seekiuberculosis.Asapartofhertreatmentin1922ataninstitute，Maolieafewhourseverydayonaplatformsuspendedoveraahedodorsemanatihetreatmentdidnogood.Withoutthepaeraryfriends，family，orherhusbaemuchaboutherownrootsandheransfielddiedofapulmonaryhemeonJanuary9，1923，iute，ainebleau，Frawordswere:“Ilovetherain.Iwantthefeelingofitonmyface.”
[9]Mansfield’sfamilymemoirswerecolleBliss（1920）.OnlythreevolumesofMaorieswerepublishedduriime.MissBrillwasaboutawomahebeginningoftheSeasooher“special”
seatwithherfur.Shehadtakenitoutofitsboxiernoohemivenitabrush.Shefeelsthatshehasapartintheplayinthepark，andsomebodywillnoticeifsheisn’tthere.Acouplesitshegirllaughsatherfurandthemansays，“Whydoessheehereatall—whowantsher?Whydoesn’tshekeephersillyoldmugathome?”
MissBrillhurriesbae，unclaspstheneckpiecequidputsitiwhehelidosheheardsomethingg.”
[10]InTheGardenParty（1921）aravagayisarrangedoifulday.Laura，thedaughteroftheparty’shostess，hearsoftheataldeathofayoungl-，Mr.Saheneighborhood.Laurawantstoceltheparty，buthermotherrefusestouand.Shefillsabasketwithsandastriesandoestothewidow’shouse，ahedeadmaninthebedroomwhereheislying.“Hewaswonderful，beautiful.Whiletheywerelaughingahebandlaying，thismarvelhadetothelane.”
gshetellsherbrotherwhoislookilymarvellous.But，Laurie—’Shestopped，shelookedatherbrother.‘Isammered，‘iswhatlifewasshe’texplaieuood.”
[11]MansfieldwasgreatlyionChekhhiswarmhumanityaosmalldetailsofhumanbehavior.Herihedevelopmentofthemodernshortstorywasalsonotable.AmoeraryfriendswereAldousHuxley，VirginiaWoolf，whosideredheroverpraised，andD.H.LawreerturMurryandher.Mansfield’sjourers，andscrapbookwereeditedbyherhusband，whoighatheshould“tearupandburnasmuchaspossible”
ofthepaperssheleftbehindher.
Notes
&riLiukkonen:HewasdirectorofTheKuusankoskiLibrary，Finland.Hehasspentmanyyearswonaidarraphies.
2.D.H.Lawrence:HewasanEnglish，poet，playwright，essayist，literarydpainter.
3.AntonChekhov:HewasaRussianphysi，dramatistandauthorwhoissideredtobeamowritersofshortstoriesinhistory.
4.VirginiaWoolf:ShewasanEnglishwriter，andwasregardedasomodernistliteraryfiguresofthe20thtury.
5.AldousHuxley:HewasanEnglishwriterahemostpromihefamousHuxleyfamily.
ForFun
WorktoRead
&edStoriesofKatherineMansfield
KatherineMansfieldiswidelyregardedasawriterwhohelpedcreatethemodernshortstory.Boron，NewZealandin1888，shecametoLondonin1903toattendQueen’sdreturlyibookofstories，InaGermanPension，appearedin1911，aoublisharaordinarybodyofwork.ThiseditioedStetherallofthestoriesthatMansfieldhadwrittenupuhinJanuaryof1923.Withanintrodudhead-hisvolumeallowsthereadertobeiliarwiththepleterangeofMansfield’sworkfromtheearly，satiricalstoriessetinBavaria，throughthelumiionsofherchildhoodinNewZealand，andthroughthemature，deeplyfeltstoriesofherlastyears.AdmiredbyVirginiaWoolfiimeandbymanywriterssiherineMansfieldisoliteraryartistsofthe20thtury.
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